Urdu Ghazal:

The literary meaning of the word 'GHAZAL' is to converse with beloved. Etymologically, it come from the Arabic word Ghizaal, meaning gazelle. It is a poem containing a minimum of 5 verses and maximum 25. The opening Verse of the GHAZAL is called MATLA and both hemistiches rhyme with one another. The last verse of the GHAZAL is called MAQTA which usually contains the penname of the poet. Most of Persian and Urdu writers have earned fame as GHAZAL writers. GHAZAL is the soul of Urdu literature and most popular form of Urdu poetry.

The following is an example of sher, composed by Mirza Ghalib:

nahii.n ki mujhko qayaamat kaa etiqaad nahii.n
shab-e-firaaq se roz-e-jazaa ziyaad nahii.n
It is not that I do not have faith in (the pains of) the day of judgement
But the night of separation is not less than the day of judgement.
What the poet is trying to say is that he trusts that the day of judgement would be very painful, as it has been described in Qur'an and Hadith; however, this night of separation from his beloved is not less painful than the day of judgement.
A better example of ghazal is shown below from two couplets of Baqa Akbarabadi*, a contemporary of Meer Taqi Meer, from a ghazal written in the classical conversational form, that is, a dialogue between the lover and the beloved. This traditional form, as seen in Hafiz Shirazi's works in old Persian poetry, does seldom appear in contemporary Urdu works.Today we have only few good ghazal writers it includes dr asif husain Tahir faraz,Iqbal ashar,Naseem nikhat ETC.

Kaha main ne! Sila meri wafa ka tujhsey kya nikla?

Kaha us ne! Nateeja dil lagane ka, bura nikla?

Kaha main ne! Wajah koi teri is be-wafaai ki?
Kaha us ne! Fida mujhpar koi, tujhsey siwa nikla! Said I! What return did my love get back from you?
Said she! Did indeed your heart have a bad experience?

Said I! What caused this unfaithfulness of yours?
Said she! Someone more enchanted than you has shown up!

*Diwaan e Baqa Akbarabadi, Nizami Press Kanpur India 1932. Kutubkhana Anjuman Taraqqi Urdu. Hyderabad. India.

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